Oil-burner.



J. SGHURS.

OIL BURNER,

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 20, 1910.

1975,94? Y Patented 0613.14, 1913.

JOHN SCHURS, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

OIL-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 14, 1913.

Application filed October 20, 1910. Serial No. 588,027.

To 0 whom i may con vow Be it known that I, JOHN ScHURs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los .\i1geles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in hydrocarbon burners and particularly to such as are adapted for use in connection .with a steam or other jet, for breaking up and atomizing the oil, so as to produce the desired combustion.

It is an object of the invention among other things, to provide a burner by which a comparatively small, hot fire may be secured close to the burner, so that the burner is well adapted for use in brick or other kilns where a number of small fires are employed.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a burner in which steam and oil may be commingled within the body portion of the burner, after which these products are spread and then brought together again, at the discharge end of the burner, so that a flame is secured quite close to the burner.

It is a further object of the invention to provide the burner with means in the form of a perforated hood for preventing the suction of air due to the blast from the burner, from carrying the flame too far therefrom.

lVith these and other objects in view, the invention consists, in certain novel constructions, combinations and arrangements of parts, as will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing :F igure 1, is a longitudinal central sectional view through the improved burner. Fig. 2, is a detail perspective view of the discharge end of the burner, showing the spreader and with the hood of the burner removed. Fig. 3, is an end view of the burner, looking at the discharge end thereof, a portion of the hood on said end bein broken away to show the interior construction. Fig. 4, is an end view of the s reader and adjacent parts-showing a modi ed form thereof, the hood being removed. Fig. 5, is a similar view with the hood in place, parts thereof being broken away, the said-hoodbeing shown with an elongated discharge slot instead of a circular outlet. Fig. 6, is a sectional view through a portion of a kiln the burner being shownin position and in side elevation.

While the burner forming the subject matter of the present invention is capable of use in various places, it is particularly well adapted for the burning of crude oil in brick or other kilns. I

The burner is constructed with an inner atomizing section, an elongated mixing chamber and amend spreader operating in conjunction with a concentrating hood. The body portion 1 of the burner is formed, preferably by casting, with a central steam chamber 2, communicatin with a steam inlet ipe 3 and an outer oil chamber 4, surrounding a portion of the steam chamber and communicating with an oil supply pipe 5. One end of the steam chamber 2 is made open, but is normally closed by a removable screw plug 6, the construction permitting of an easy access to the interior of the burner when it needs cleaning. The end of the chamber 2 opposite to the plu 6, is extended to form a steam jet or nozz e 7. The bore of said jet or nozzle is usually formed straight for a portion of its length as clearly shown in Fig. 1, but is reduced in size at the discharge end of the jet or nozzle, as at 8. The discharge outlet 8 is also somewhat contracted toward its open end to secure the desired compression upon the steam as it escapes into the mixing chamber. The oil chamber 4 is formed with an outlet portion as 9 around the jet or nozzle 7.

The mixing chamber 10 is formed in a hollow section 11, of the burner, which is formed wi h an enlarged flaring end adapted to receive the outlet portion 9 of the oil chamber, upon which it is screwed as at 12. The interior contour of the enlarged end of said section 11, is flared so as to almost conform to the exterior tapering end surface of the jet or nozzle 7. A slightly contracting annular passage 13 is thus secured around the tapering end of the jet or nozzle 7. The discharge end of the section 11, is provided with a projecting spreader 14 which increases in diameter from its base outwardly to a point near its end, beyond which point the end of the spreader rapidly contracts so as to form a rounded end portion on the spreader, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing. Divergent passages 15 are formed in the section. 11 around the base of the spreader 14 so that the atomized mixture may pass from the mixing chamber 10 outwardly around the said spreader. The end of burner section 11 adjacent to the '17 of the burner.

spreader is somewhat enlarged and provided with external screw threads as at 16 for receiving and holding in place the hood The said hood 17 is formed with a nozzle 25, which is adapted to fit over the rounded end of the spreader 14,- leaving a slightly converging passage between the two. A comparatively small discharge-opening 18 is provided in the nozzle 25, opposite the end of the spreader 14. An outwardly flaring flange 19 is formed u on the hood for preventing the suction air around the discharge end of theburner from carrying the flame away from the said burner. A series of apertures 20 formed in the said flange 19 extend around the base thereof or near where it springs from the hood 17. These holes or apertures 20 admit sufficient air within the flange 19 to insure a thorough combustion of the comminuted oil, quite close to the discharge outlet 18. These holes 20 are also found to be very eflective in preventing any clogging within the flan e 19, operating to malntain the face of the nozzle entirely clean around the discharge outlet and within the flange 19.

j As shown in Figs. 4 and 5 it is sometimes advantageous to form the spreader with opposite flattened sides as 21, and in this instance the nozzle is provided with an elongated slot as 22, referably extending parallel with the attened faces 21 of the spreader. This tends to form a broad horizontal flat flame, instead of a round concentrated flame as is the case with the round opening 18, heretofore described. The burner of the types described, with either the round outlet or the slot outlet, is admirably adapted for use in connection with brick kilns, where a large number of small fires are required. The burner is usually mounted as shown in Fig. 6, at one of the openings 23 of the kiln and extends inwardly toward the wall 24 of the flue formed in the kiln. The flame produced by this burner is not projected from the same far enou h to drive the said flame with force against the wall 24, as is the case with burners that are not formed so as to hold the fire in close proximity to the discharge end of the burner. With the burner of the present invention, also the flame remains sufficiently near the hood to keep the end of the burner warm or moderately heated.

which insures a thorough combustion of the atomized oil after it has escaped from the opening 18.

The construction of the burner is important in having an inner atomizer and a s reader, together with the hood which raws the mixed products together again so that theyare thoroughl commingled just before being i nited. he contracting r converging isc arge ends of the steam and oil nozzle cause the oil to be thoroughly atomized and mixed with the steam as it is drawn into and forced through themixing chamber 10. The spreadin of the atomized oil by the spreader 14, ma es it possible to draw the atomized mixture together again around the end of the spreader so that the commingled hydrocarbon and steam are concentrated at the discharge outlet 18 and yet in such a manner that they will not be projected to any great distance from the hood.

As above intimated the flange 19 cooperates with the nozzle and checks the inrush of the external air so as to prevent the carrying of the flame away from the burner too far and fast. The openings 20 rovide however for a proper feeding of su cient air to the flame, for supporting tho-rough combustion and preventing any collections of oil or dirt or other clogging materials within the flange 9, or around the discharge outlet.

The construction of the burner is alf o such that its parts can be readil cast m manufacture and thus produced in an econonncal manner. I

While I have" described the invention as particularly well adapted for use in kilns, it

will be understood that it may be employed with great facility in any other place where a close fire is desired all within the spirit and scope of theinv'ention.

Having nowidescribed my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Pateat, is

1. A burnerma'de up of a steam and oil feeding jet portion, and having a fuel mixing chamber, a fixed spreader arranged at the outer end of said mixing chamber and formed with a rounded outer end and a removable cap having a discharge opening of less diameter than the diameter of said rounded end portion, whereby a flame is produced close to the burner.

2. A burner, comprising an oil atomizing portion, a mixing chamber portion, a spreader mounted at the discharge end of the mixing chamber portion having an rounded end, a removable cap mounted over the end of said spreader and havinga discharge opening of less diameter than the said spreader, the said cap having a flange provided with apertures therein for controlling the admission of air to the flame.

In testimon whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN SCHURS. Witnesses:

CASSELL SEVERANOE, EDNA B. Romans.

outer 

